It falls as snowflakes and hail or occurs as frost, icicles or ice spikes and aggregates from snow as glaciers and ice sheets. It is abundant on Earth's surface – particularly in the polar regions and above the snow line – and, as a common form of precipitation and deposition, plays a key role in Earth's water cycle and climate. Beyond the Solar System, it occurs as interstellar ice. In the Solar System, ice is abundant and occurs naturally from as close to the Sun as Mercury to as far away as the Oort cloud objects. Depending on the presence of impurities such as particles of soil or bubbles of air, it can appear transparent or a more or less opaque bluish-white color. As a naturally occurring crystalline inorganic solid with an ordered structure, ice is considered to be a mineral. Ice is water that is frozen into a solid state, typically forming at or below temperatures of 32 ° F, 0 ° C, or 273.15 K.
The properties of ice vary substantially with temperature, purity and other factors. Linear thermal expansion coefficient ( α)Ġ.5057 − 0.001863 θ cal/(g K), θ = absolute value of temperature in ☌
An ice block, photographed at the Duluth Canal Park in MinnesotaĠ.0053(1 + 0.0015 θ) cal/(cm s K), θ = temperature in ☌
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